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Toyota Land Cruiser 100/Amazon, Lexus LX 470since 1997 releaseRepair and operation of the car |
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Toyota Land Cruiser, Amazon, LX470 Lexus + Identification numbers of the car + Governing bodies and methods of safe operation of the car + Settings and routine maintenance of the car + Engine + Cooling systems of the engine, heating of salon and air conditioning + the Power supply system and production of the fulfilled gases + Electric equipment of the engine - Control systems of the engine and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases Specifications System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) - the principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions Application of an oscillograph for supervision of working signals of a control system Check of a state and replacement of ESM Information sensors - the general information and check of serviceability of functioning Replacement of information sensors System of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) - the general information, check of a state and replacement of components System of the operated ventilation of a case (PCV) The catalytic converter - the general information, check of a state and replacement + gear shifting Box + Transmission line + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body + Onboard electric equipment |
Information sensors – the general information and check of serviceability of functioning
2-contact thermistors (sensors of temperature of cooling liquid, the soaked-up air, etc.) Thermistors represent the resistors changing resistance depending on temperature, and developing the corresponding alarm tension. Sensors of temperature of cooling liquid of the engine belong to elements of this kind (eats) also temperatures of the soaked-up air (IAT). It should be noted that resistance of these sensors changes in inverse proportion to change of temperature, i.e., DECREASES with INCREASE of the last, and vice versa. For check of termistorny sensors switch a multimeter to measurement of resistance, disconnect an electrical wiring from the sensor and measure resistance between assembly plugs. Take temperature. Then warm up the sensor up to the certain temperature and again measure its resistance. Compare the received results to the ordered. Location of the ECT sensor is shown on an illustration below. The IAT sensor is built in the MAF sensor. For the IAT sensor resistance between MAF sensor E2 and THA plugs is measured. Schedule of dependence of resistance of ECT and IAT sensors on temperature
Components of installation of the ECT sensor
Further it is necessary to check correctness of the basic tension which is given out on the sensor by the processor. Connect an electrical wiring to the sensor, switch a multimeter to voltage measurement and connect its probes to electrical wiring plait plugs on the socket. The nominal rate of basic tension has to make about 5.0 Century. Check is made at the included ignition, do not start the engine. If violation of serviceability of giving on the sensor of basic tension takes place, it is necessary to check a condition of a connecting electrical wiring and actually ESM. Potentiometers (sensor of provision of a butterfly valve) The potentiometer represents the resistor which resistance changes as a result of mechanical movement of some components. The TPS sensor develops the alarm tension proportional to the current size of resistance of a potentiometer determined by the provision of a butterfly valve in the throttle case. The signal from the sensor arrives on ESM which on the basis of the analysis of the arriving data defines situation and the direction of the movement of the gate. For check of serviceability of functioning of the TPS sensor nature of change of size of resistance of a potentiometer depending on extent of opening of a butterfly valve is quantitatively estimated. This contour is defined as VTA – by E2. 2-contact electromagnetic sensors (sensors of provision of cranked and distributive shaft and sensor of speed of the movement of the car) In a basis of a design of electromagnetic sensors the permanent magnet placed in a wire winding is put. Typical representatives of electromagnetic sensors are sensors of provision of cranked and distributive shaft (CKP and CMP), and also the sensor of speed of the movement of the car (VSS). The steel disk fixed on a gear wheel is equipped with the uvulas passing between the polar terminations of a magnet and causing short circuit of a magnetic field. Fluctuations of a magnetic field lead to change of alarm tension of the sensor. On the basis of the analysis of the signals of ESM arriving from sensors determines the speed of the movement of the car (VSS), or the current provision of the corresponding shaft (CKP and CMP). The CKP sensor develops G signal for ECU. The arrangement and schemes of check of sensors are shown on illustrations below. Components of installation and check of the CMP sensor
Lambda probes O 2 sensors, or lambda probes trace percentage of oxygen in the fulfilled engine gases. The molecules O 2 which are present at system of release, reacting with a sensitive element of the sensor, force the last to develop alarm tension. Signal amplitude, depending on concentration of oxygen can make from 0.1 B (the high contents O 2, the grown poor air and fuel mix) to 0.9 B (the low contents O 2, the enriched mix). ESM continuously traces the signal arriving from a lambda probe, and on the basis of the arriving data makes the corresponding correction of structure air and fuel, trying to support him at an optimum level (14.7 parts of air on 1 part of fuel, – stekhiometrichesky number). Correction of composition of mix is made due to management of duration of time of opening of injectors. The lambda probe starts developing alarm tension only after is heated-up up to the normal working temperature making about 320 °C. In a look told, in the course of warming up of the ESM engine works in the mode of the opened contour. Do not forget to check serviceability of a state of all being a part of system a lambda probes.
Sensor of measurement of mass of an air stream The sensor serves for measurement of an expense of the air throttle which is soaked up in the case. ESM uses information arriving from the sensor for adjustment of duration of time of opening of injectors, – the more air is soaked up in the engine (acceleration), the last needs bigger amount of fuel. On the considered models sensors of an air stream of vortex type with a sensitive element on the basis of an incandescence thread are used. The device allows to define a weight expense of a stream and received the name of the sensor of mass of air (MAF). On the basis of information of ESM arriving from the sensor makes timely correction of composition of air and fuel mix.
Detonation sensors
Sensors of a detonation elicit the fact of increase of intensity of the vibrations of the engine arising at a detonation of air and fuel mix and give out the relevant information allowing ESM on the module of management to make in due time the reduction of a corner of an advancing of ignition suppressing a detonation.
The sensor switch of permission of start (model with AT) The sensor switch of permission of start is installed behind on a transmission dome, in its top part and serves for the notice of ESM on the fact of finding of AT in provisions "P" and "N". This information is used by the processor at management of functioning of system of stabilization of turns of idling.
More detailed information on the principle of functioning of the sensor switch of permission of start is stated in the Head Korobka of gear shifting. Sensor of pressure of vapors of fuel The sensor serves for tracking of pressure/depth of depression in a fuel tank. On the basis of information of ESM arriving from the sensor in due time elicits the fact of violation of serviceability of a purge of a coal adsorber of EVAP system and brings the corresponding diagnostic code in memory of OBD-II. Performance of work on restoration of serviceability of functioning of EVAP system should be charged to specialists of car service. |
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