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Toyota Land Cruiser 100/Amazon, Lexus LX 470since 1997 releaseRepair and operation of the car |
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Toyota Land Cruiser, Amazon, LX470 Lexus + Identification numbers of the car + Governing bodies and methods of safe operation of the car + Settings and routine maintenance of the car + Engine + Cooling systems of the engine, heating of salon and air conditioning + the Power supply system and production of the fulfilled gases + Electric equipment of the engine - Control systems of the engine and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases Specifications System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) - the principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions Application of an oscillograph for supervision of working signals of a control system Check of a state and replacement of ESM Information sensors - the general information and check of serviceability of functioning Replacement of information sensors System of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) - the general information, check of a state and replacement of components System of the operated ventilation of a case (PCV) The catalytic converter - the general information, check of a state and replacement + gear shifting Box + Transmission line + Brake system + Suspension bracket and steering + Body + Onboard electric equipment |
System of onboard diagnostics (OBD) – the principle of functioning and codes of malfunctions
Data on diagnostic units Use of the digital measuring instrument preferably for several reasons. First, on analog devices it is rather difficult (sometimes, it is impossible), to define result of the indication to within the 100-th and thousand shares while at inspection of the contours including electronic components in the structure, such accuracy is of particular importance. The second, not less important, that fact is the reason that the internal contour of a digital multimeter, has rather high impedance (internal resistance of the device makes 10 million Ohms). As the voltmeter is connected to the checked chain in parallel, the accuracy of measurement of subjects is higher, than smaller parasitic current will pass through actually device. This factor is not essential at measurement of rather high values of tension (9 – 12 V), however becomes defining at diagnostics of the elements which are giving out low-voltage signals, such as, for example, a lambda probe where it is about measurement of shares of volt. With introduction to production to meeting requirements of the last legislations for environmental protection of system of onboard diagnostics of the second generation (OBD-II) readers of a special design started being issued. Some producers adjusted release of the scanners intended for use by amateur mechanics in house conditions, – ask in shops of automobile accessories.
General information The scheme of an arrangement of components of control systems of the engine and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases on models with the V8 engine Electronic systems of injection and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases in the course of the functioning at operation of the car are crossed with various other systems which are responsible for efficiency of return of the engine. All transferred systems include a set of information sensors and the electronic module of management (ESM) in the structure (address to an illustration above). Systems of this sort can be compared on the structure to the central nervous system of a human body where the role of a brain plays the module of management (ESM), and information sensors act as the nervous terminations. Sensors send signals to ESM which analyzes the arriving information and develops reciprocal commands for adjustment of the corresponding working parameters. Let's review the specific example allowing to imagine more clearly the principle of functioning of system: built in in system of release a lambda probe continuously traces the level of the contents O 2 in a stream of the fulfilled engine gases. If percentage of oxygen considerably deviates some control value entered into memory of system, ESM immediately receives the relevant information and on the basis of its analysis develops command for the corresponding adjustment of duration of opening of injectors of fuel, carrying out thereby adjustment of composition of air and fuel mix. Duration of the described procedural cycle makes fractions of a second that provides due efficiency of functioning of system. As a result, efficiency of return of the engine is constantly maintained at the greatest possible level. Reading of codes of malfunctions of OBD-II
In OBD-II system five-digit codes of the revealed malfunctions are brought in memory of the processor (ESM). It is necessary to notice that the system of onboard self-diagnostics is capable to find not all possible refusals, – in case of need do not hesitate to address for consultations on firm car repair shops of the Toyota company. During search of the reasons of decrease in efficiency of return of the engine, increase of fuel consumption or level of toxicity of the fulfilled gases (these violations usually are not followed by operation of a control lamp "Check the engine") it is necessary to make first of all all complex of standard checks regarding identification of the reasons listed in the Section devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions of systems and knots of the car in introduction to the present manual and only after it to switch to OBD system. It is necessary to remember that use of OBD-II demands from the operator of basic knowledge in the field of automobile electronics, non-compliance with precautionary measures at the address ESM and other electronic components can lead to an irreversible exit of system out of operation. The list of the diagnostic OBD-II codes of the most typical refusals of system is presented in the table given below. If it is not possible to reveal and eliminate a cause of failure independently, the car should be driven away on car repair shop for the purpose of carrying out diagnostics with use of the special diagnostic equipment. Cleaning of memory of OBD-II For cleaning of memory of ESM connect the scanner to system and in an apportion of its menu choose the CLEARING CODES function ("Removal of codes"). Further follow the instructions highlighted on the device or at once for 30 seconds take from the nest in the assembly block EFI safety lock. Alternatively cleaning of memory of system can be made by removal of a fusible insert (the main safety lock of the system of onboard power supply) installed close the positive plug of the battery (see. Onboard electric equipment) (it is possible to disconnect also simply from the battery a positive wire).
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